What is the cocktail party effect

What is the cocktail party effect?

http://www.answerbag.com/q_view/866567

When you see someone as more attractive just because they are connected enough to be at the same cocktail party as you are.

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‘The Cocktail Party Effect’ Discuss how we here a single voice in a crowd. Please help!!!?

Q: What do i put in and how do i structure this essay?! (Degree level)

A: Hi CanHere are the points that probably need to go into your essay. I’ve included some experiment and theoretical approaches as well.The cocktail party effect describes the ability to focus one’s listening attention on a single talker among a mixture of conversations and background noises, ignoring other conversations. This effect reveals one of the surprising abilities of our auditory system, which enables us to talk in a noisy place.The cocktail party phenomenon can occur both when we are paying attention to one of the sounds around us and when it is invoked by a stimulus which grabs our attention suddenly . For example, when we are talking with our friend in a crowded party, we still can listen and understand what our friend says even if the place is very noisy, and can simultaneously ignore what another nearby person is saying. Then if someone over the other side of the party room calls out our name suddenly, we also notice that sound and respond to it immediately. The hearing reaches a noise suppression from 9 to 15 dB, i.e., the acoustic source, on which humans concentrate, seems to be three times louder than the ambient noise. A microphone recording in comparison will show the big difference.The effect is an auditory version of the figure-ground phenomenon. Here, the figure is the sound one pays attention to, and the ground is the any other sounds (“the cocktail party”).Experiments and theoretical approaches:The effect was first described (and named) by Colin Cherry in 1953[3]. Much of the early work in this area can be traced to problems faced by air traffic controllers in the early 1950’s[1]. At that time, controllers received messages from pilots over loudspeakers in the control tower. Hearing the intermixed voices of many pilots over a single loudspeaker made the controller’s task very difficult.Cherry (1953) conducted perception experiments in which subjects were asked to listen to two different messages from a single loudspeaker at the same time and try to separate them. His work reveals that our ability of separating sounds from background is based on the characteristics of the sounds such as gender of the speaker, direction from which the sound is coming, pitch, or the speaking speed.In the 1950’s, Broadbent conducted dichotic listening experiments: subjects were asked to hear and separate different speech signals presented to each ear simultaneously (using headphones). From results of his experiment, he suggested that “our mind can be conceived as a radio receiving many channels at once”: the brain separates incoming sound into channels based on physical characteristics (e.g. perceived location), and submits only certain subsignals for semantic analysis (deciphering meaning). In other words a kind of audio filter in our brain which selects which channel we should pay attention to from many kinds of sounds perceived. This is called Broadbent’s filter theory. There is some empirical evidence to support this theory, although it has been criticized by some (Norman, et al).There are other theories, including those of Treisman (1960), and Deutsch and Deutsch (1963).This phenomenon is still very much a subject of research, in humans as well as in computer implementations (when it is typically referred to as source separation or blind source separation). The neural mechanism in human brains is not yet fully clear.Hope this helps! Good luck for the essay.The following website may be helpful for an essay format: http://www.epistemics.co.uk/staff/nmilton/papers/attention.htm

can i mix a cocktail a day before a party so that it will be chilled ?

Q: can i mix a cocktail a day before a party so that it will be chilled or will the liqour lose it’s effect?pineapple rum,vodka,cranberry juice and pineapple juice.

A: it is not a problem if sealed and the alcohol wont evaporate-makes it real easy the day of the party-as some have told you-no ice or anything carbonated but pre-mixing does not harm it—smile and enjoy the night—hope this helps

Psychology Questions?

Q: Here’s the deal: I’m teaching myself about Psychology using a text book. The only problem is, there are lots of self-assessments but no answer guides. So I have no way of knowing if my answers are correct or not. I was hoping to get your input on my answers (and on the few questions I just don’t know) in order to make up for not having an actual guide to grade them by.Thanks for any help you can give! :)1. One example of selective attention is a. sound perception. b. cocktail party effect. c. figure-ground relationship. d. misperception. My answer: b2. Brain-related exercises like crossword puzzles can combat age-related memory problems by strengthening the a. cerebellum. b. occipital lobe. c. neural pathways. d. dendrites. My answer: c3. Hans is watching television while talking on the phone to his friend about their favorite video game. When he hangs up, Hans doesn’t remember what was on television while he was talking to his friend. Which of the following best explains Hans’s experience? a. A human brain can’t process and interpret visual and auditory stimuli at the same time. b. Selective attention allows us to sense some stimuli without actually perceiving them. c. When we encounter several stimuli, we will only sense the ones that are loudest. d. When we encounter a figure-ground relationship, we have to separate stimuli from one another. My answer: b4. Which best explains why some parts of the body are more sensitive than others? a. Sensitive areas of the body have thinner skin. b. Sensitive areas of the body have more nerve endings. c. Sensitive areas of the body have the dermis closer to the epidermis. d. Sensitive areas of the body have a greater concentration of hair follicles. My answer: b5. Which most likely results from damaged nerve endings? a. The person gives an inappropriate response to stimuli. b. The person does not sense pain. c. The person experiences heat as cold. d. The person’s surrounding nerve endings become more sensitive. My answer: unsure…definitely not c6. Which of the following provides the strongest evidence that nonhuman animals dream? a. Recordings of brain activity show that nonhuman animals undergo REM sleep. b. Recordings of brain activity show that nonhuman animals register alpha brain waves. c. Nonhuman animals need consistent sleeping patterns and require a specific amount of sleep. d. Observations of nonhuman animals sleeping show movement of the eyes and legs. My answer: unsure…but, again, definitely not c. And I don’t think it’s b, either.7. Meditation may be helpful in the reduction of pain. What is a possible explanation for this effect? a. Meditation clears the mind so that painful stimuli cannot be sensed or processed. b. Meditation relaxes the muscles and nerve endings so they are less likely to sense painful stimuli. c. Meditation reduces the stress and anxiety which contribute to our perception of painful stimuli. d. Meditation is challenging and can make you a stronger person capable of handling pain. My answer: unsure, but I’m pretty positive it’s not d.Thanks again for your help! 🙂

A: I have read all of your answers. For 5, the answer is d. 6 is a. 7 is a. Rest are correct.